The glorious historical account of the Lunar race Yadu Rajputs ---

 

The glorious historical account of the Lunar race Yadu Rajputs ---

Yadus /Jadus  ,Yadavas/ Jadhavas, Yaduvansis,Jaduvansis  ,Yadu-Bhatti ,Jadeja, Jadon /Jadaun Rajput’s  Origin History   -----

Chandravansh (Somavansha /Induvansha)-----

The Lunar race.----

The lineage or race which claims descent from the moon. It is divided into two great branches, the Yadavas and Pauravas, respectively , descended from Yadu and Puru. Krishna belonged to the line of Yadu, and Dushayanta with the Kuru and Pando.

     Classicaly ,Yadu ,or Yadava (Sanskrit word .It's hindi meaning  is Jadon . A tribe of Rajputs of the Chandravanshi division , who  profess to trace their origin in a direct line from Lord Shri Krishna .The Yadus are a well –known historical clan .Colonel Tod says that Yadu was the most illustrious of all the tribes of Ind and became the patronymic of the descendants of Buddha, progenitor of the Lunar (Indu )race . It is not clear , even according to legendary tradition , what ,if any ,connection the Yadus had with Buddha , but Krishna is held to have a prince of this tribe and founded Dwaraka in Gujarat with them ,in which locality he is afterwards supposed to have been killed .
Colonel Tod states that the Yadu after the death of Krishna , the deified hero of this dynasty and their expulsion from Dwaraka , many of them ,including two of his sons ,proceeded northwards beyond the Indus and settled there . One of their descendants,  Gaj ,  is said to have built a fort called Gajni ( identified by Tod as the Ghazni of Afghanistan ,but believed by Cunningham to be in the vicinity of Rawalpindi ) ; but being defeated and killed in a battle with the king of Khorasan , his followers were driven southward into Punjab , where Salivahan established a new capital, which he called after himself , and which has been identified with Sialkot . This chief subsequently defeated the Indo-Scythians in a decisive battle near Kahror ,within 60 miles of Multan .So great was the fame of this victory that the conqueror assumed the title of Sakari ,or ‘foe of the Sakas (Scythians ) , and further to commemorate the event established the Saka era from the date of the battle ( A.D.78 ) ,an epoch which is still in general use throughout India .Salivahan’s grandson , Bhatti ,was a renowned warrior who conquered many of the neighbouring chiefs  ,and form him the tribe now takes the name of Bhatti Jadon  .Subsequently , the Bhatis were gradually driven southwards till ,crossing the Sutlej , they took refuge in the Indian desert which has since been their home .Here they came into contact withvarious Rajputs clans , such as the Butas and Chunns ( both extinct ) , the Barahas ( now Musalmans ) ,the Langahas ,and Sodhas and Lodras ( both branches of Parmaras ) .Their first capital was Tannote  still in Jaisalmer territory ,which was founded about the middle of the eighth century ,but being ousted from this ,Deoraj ,the first chief to assume the title of Rawal , built Deogarh or Deorawar in 853 A.D, now called Derawar in Bahawalpur territory , and established himself there .Shortly afterwards , the capital was changed to Lodorva , an immense city with twelve gates taken from the Lodra Rajputs  ,the ruins of which lie 10 miles west –by –north of Jaisalmer town was , however , ill adapted for defence , so Jaisal sought for a stronger place and founded the fort and city of Jaisalmer in 1156 A.D.Jaisalmer State ,the third in Rajputana , has an area of 16 ,000square miles , most of which is desert .The chief has the title of Maharawal and receives a salute of 15 guns .

At a later date a Yadava kingdom existed in the Deccan , with its capital at Devagiri or Daultabad and its territory lying between that place and Nasik ( 2) .Mr Smith states that these Yadava kings were descendants of feudatory nobles of the Chalukya kingdom , which embraced parts of western India and also Gujrat 

The Yadu clan can scarcel , however , be more recent one than the Chalukya ,as in that case it ould not probably have been credited with having had Krishna as its member .The Yadava dynasty only lasted from A.D 1150 to 1318 , when the last prince of the line , Harapala , stirred up a revolt against Muhammadans to whom the  the king , his father –in-law , had submitted , and being defeated , was flayed alive and decapitated .

The Jareja Rajputs of Sind and Kutch are another branch of the Yadus . They now claim descent from Jamshid , the Persian hero , and on this account , Colonel Tod states , the title of their rulers is Jam .They were formerly much addicted to female infanticide .

  The name Yadu has in other parts of India been corrupted into Jadon .The small State of Karauli in Rajputana held by a Jadon Chief. But the title of Jadon is now exclusively applied to the tribe which appears never  to have strayed far from the limits of the ancient Suraseni , and they consequently find them still in considerable numbers in that neighbourhood  . Raja of Karauli is the head of the great Jadon clan of Rajputs , who claim descent from Vajranabha ,the greatgrand son of Lord Shri Krishna ,and are called the Chandravansi or Children of Moon .Probably the first historical personage in the pedigree is Bijaipala , who built the fort of Bayana in 995 A.d.Arjun Deo ,in 1348A.D , established the State and founded the karauli town in Rajputana .The large tract South of the Chambal , called after them Yaduvati or Jaduvati .The state of Karauli on the Chambal is now their chief independent possession .The area of the Karauli State is 1208 square miles and Raja is entitled to a salute of 17 guns .The family banner is coloured yellow .The Karauli family all bear the distinguishing appellation of ‘Pal ‘ in token that they , as descendants of Shri Krishna , are Protectors  (Pal ) of cow , where the Lion ( Singh ) does not respect the sacred animal .

Some of the tribe , or at least professedly of the tribe , are Zamindars in the United Provinces –as the proprietors of the Talookas of Awa-Misa in Jalesar paragana , Umargarh , Okhara ,Narkhi ,Neemkhera ,Jaundhari ,in Etah district , Somna  ,      Birpura ,Gabhana , Kora-Rustampur ,  Ashrafpur Jalal ,Mangrauli ,  Panchon ,Baranadi , Banwaripur in Aligarh , and Kotila in firojabad pargana formerly in Agra district .These are many of them also found in Fattehabad and Shumsabad of Agra , Mustafabad and Ghiror in Mainpuri ; Suhar and Arecny in Muttra , Sohnuh in Gungaon ; and in Kole , Hasangarh , Gorai ,Jalali , Akrabad ,Sikandra rao and Khair in Aligarh .They are considered spirited farmers .The Jadons of Jewar in  Bulhandshahr are distinguished by the title of Chhokarzada .Porch ,Bangars , Baresir , Jyswar and Jasawat  are self-styled Jadons are found in some regions of Agra ,Mathura and in Mendu ,Hasayan ,Daryapur in Hathras district .The jadons are also found in some districts of Bundelkhand like Mahoba ,Banda ,Hamirpur ,Jalaun , Etawa , Kanpur and Kaushambi  etc.They are also found in Munger ,Bhagalpur , Banka districts of Bihar .
Gurgaon , with the rest of the territory known as Mewat , formed in early  times part of an extensive kingdom ruled over by Rajputs of the Jaduvansi or Jadon tribe .The Jadon power was broken by Muhammad Ghori in1196A.D; but for two centuries they sturdily resited the Muhammadan domination , and the history of the district is a record of incursions of the people of Mewat into Delhi territory and of punitive expeditions undertaken against them .Under Firoz Shah III the Jadons were converted to Islam ; and Bahadur Khan or Bahadur Nahar took a prominent part in the intesting struggles that followed the invasion of Timur , founding the family of the Khanzadas , members of which ruled Mewat in partial independence of the Delhi empire .Babar annexed Mewat , and from this time the power of the Kkanzadas rapidly decline .
Jadons are also found in Hosangabad ,whither they emigranted after Akber,s conquests on the Narmada . Several of the Jat tribes are also said to be Jadons and the Sinsinwal of Bharatpur are predominant among them .

References---

1-Shrimadbhagvatapurana.
2-Mahabharta .
3-Vishnupurana .
4-Harivanshpurana .
5-Gargasanhita.
6-Sakandapurana.
7-Krishna in History ,Thought and Culture :An Encyclopedia of HinduLord by Lavanya Vemsani .
8-Krishna Deities and Their Miracles by Stephen Knapp.
9-Meghdutam of Mahakavi Kalidas.
10-The life and Times of Krishna .byJ.B.Patro.
11-History of Ancient India.by J.P.Mittal
12-Krishna :A journey through the Lands and Legends of Krishna .By Dev Prasad.
13-The complete Life of Krishna .By Devi Vanamali .
14-The story of Ancient Dwaraka .By Devi Vanamala.
15-Braj Centre of Krishna Pilgrimage by A.W.Entwistle and Forsten ,E.1987.pp123 ,132.
16-Mathura: A District Memoir  by F .S.Growse .
17- Chiefs and Leading families of Rajputana .By C.S.Bayley.
18-Hand book of Rajputana by Captain A.H.Bingley.
19- Gazetteer of the Karauli State .By Percy Powlett ,1874.
20- Census Report of North-Western Provinces , for 1865 ,Vol.I .,pp.64 ,65.
21- Tod's Rajasthan , Vol.I.Pp.85-87.
22- Wilson's Glossary , p.57.
23 - Supplemental Glossary , Vol .I., p.51.p.129.
24- Raja Lachhman Singh , Bulandshahr Memo ,160 sq.
25-  Ibbetson ,Punjab Ethnography , section 446.
26 -Cunningham , Archeological Reports ,XX, 5sqq.
27-Crooke William C.A.1886 .The Tribes and Castes of North-Western India.Voll.I to V.
28-The Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North -West  Frontier section IV.by H.A.Rose.
29-Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of Punjab and North-West .Vol 1.
30-Sherring M.A.Hindu Tribes and Castes .Vol.I to III.
Investing .Punjab Castes.
31-Statistical account of Bhavnagar by J.W.Watson ,Bombay ,1830 ,p.68.
32-Yaduvamsha Prakash ,pp.263-287
33-Bombay Gazetted ,Kathiyavad III ,p.554.
34-Ancient Indian Historical Tradition.by F.E.Pargiter ,1998.
35-Early History of Rajputs .By C.V.Vaidya.
36-Downfall of Hindu India.by C.V.Vaidya .
37-Prachin Bharat men Hindu Rajay.by Babu Vrindavan Das.
38-Prachin Bhartiya Itihas ka Vaidic Yug.by Satya ketu Vidhya.
39-Vraj ka Sanskritik Itihas part I.by Prabhu Dayal Mittal.
40-Vraj ka Itihas part I.by K.D.Bajpai.
41-Prachin Bharat ka Itihas .By Ramakant Tripathi.
42-Paninikalin Bharatvarsh .By Dr Vasudev Saran Agrawal.
43-Chronology of Ancient India by Sita Nath Pradhan .
44-Rajputane- ka -Itihas by Jagdish Singh Gahlot.
45-The cultural and historical studies of Karauli district.by Dr M.L.Gupta.
46-Vir -Vinod by Shyamal das .
47-Rajasthan through the ages.by Sharma ,.H.S.
48-Karauli Khyat -Unpublished.
49-Karauli Rajay ka Itihas .By Damodar Lal Garg.

Author-Dr Dhirendra Singh Jadaun
Village-Larhota near Sasni
District-Hathras ,Uttar Pradesh ,204216.
Associate Prof in Agriculture
Shahid Captain Ripudaman Singh Govt.College ,Sawai Madhopur 'Rajasthan ,322001.